1. Overview of Meaning
The kanji “慎” (shin) means “cautious” or “careful.” It conveys the idea of being prudent and exercising restraint in actions and words.
2. Formation and Radical
Formation of the Kanji: The kanji “慎” is a compound character (会意文字) that combines elements to convey its meaning. It consists of the radical for “heart” (心) at the bottom, indicating emotions or thoughts, and the character “申” (shin), which can mean “to say” or “to declare.” Together, they suggest careful consideration in communication.
Radical: The radical of “慎” is 心 (heart), which is often associated with feelings, thoughts, and intentions.
3. Examples of Usage
Common Words and Phrases:
- 慎重 (しんちょう, shinchou) – caution, carefulness
- 慎み (つつしみ, tsutsushimi) – modesty, restraint
Example Sentences in Daily Conversation:
- 彼は慎重に決断を下した。 (かれはしんちょうにけつだんをくだした。) – He made his decision carefully.
- 慎みを持って行動することが大切です。 (つつしみをもってこうどうすることがたいせつです。) – It is important to act with restraint.
4. Synonyms and Antonyms
Similar Kanji:
- 注意 (ちゅうい, chuui) – attention, caution (more about being alert)
- 用心 (ようじん, youjin) – precaution, care (focuses on being careful to avoid danger)
Antonyms:
- 大胆 (だいたん, daitan) – bold, daring (opposite of cautious)
- 無謀 (むぼう, mubou) – reckless (indicates a lack of caution)
5. Cultural and Historical Background
Relation to Japanese Culture: The concept of caution and carefulness is deeply rooted in Japanese culture, where harmony and respect for others are highly valued. Being “慎” is often seen as a virtue in social interactions.
Proverbs and Idioms:
- 急がば回れ (いそがばまわれ, isogaba maware) – “If you are in a hurry, take a detour.” This proverb emphasizes the importance of being cautious and not rushing into things.