1. Overview of Meaning
The kanji “塁” (pronounced “rui”) primarily means “base” or “mound.” It is often used in the context of baseball to refer to the bases on a baseball field, as well as in military terms to denote a fortified position or encampment.
2. Formation and Radical
Formation of the Kanji: The kanji “塁” is a compound character (会意文字) that combines elements to convey its meaning. It consists of the radical for “earth” (土) and the character “雷” (rai), which means “thunder.” This combination suggests a solid foundation or base, akin to a mound of earth.
Radical: The radical of “塁” is 土 (tsuchi), which relates to earth or soil, emphasizing its connection to physical ground or bases.
3. Examples of Usage
Common Words and Phrases:
- 塁 (rui) – base (in baseball)
- 塁審 (ruishin) – base umpire
- 塁に出る (rui ni deru) – to reach base
Example Sentences in Daily Conversation:
- 彼は一塁に出た。 (Kare wa ichirui ni deta.) – He reached first base.
- 塁審がアウトを宣告した。 (Ruishin ga auto o senkoku shita.) – The base umpire called him out.
4. Synonyms and Antonyms
Similar Kanji:
- 基地 (kichi) – base (military), which refers to a military installation.
- 土台 (dodai) – foundation, which emphasizes the base or support of a structure.
Antonyms:
- 高 (taka) – high, which represents elevation as opposed to a base or ground level.
5. Cultural and Historical Background
Connection to Japanese Culture: The concept of “塁” is significant in Japanese sports culture, particularly in baseball, which is one of the most popular sports in Japan. The structure of the game, including the bases, is deeply ingrained in the sporting tradition.
Proverbs and Idioms: While there may not be specific proverbs directly related to “塁,” the importance of reaching bases in baseball can be metaphorically linked to achieving goals or milestones in life, reflecting the broader cultural value placed on perseverance and success.