1. Overview of Meaning
The kanji “凶” (kyou) means “bad luck” or “disaster.” It is often associated with misfortune and negative outcomes in various contexts.
2. Formation and Radical
Formation of the Kanji: The kanji “凶” is classified as a phonetic-ideographic character (形声文字). It combines elements that convey both sound and meaning.
Radical: The radical for “凶” is “刀” (katana), which means “sword” or “knife,” suggesting a connection to sharpness or danger.
3. Examples of Usage
Common Words and Phrases:
- 凶運 (kyouun) – bad luck
- 凶暴 (kyoubou) – violent or ferocious
Example Sentences in Daily Conversation:
- 今日は凶の日だから、外出しない方がいいよ。 (Today is a day of bad luck, so it’s better not to go out.)
- 彼は凶暴な犬に襲われた。 (He was attacked by a ferocious dog.)
4. Synonyms and Antonyms
Similar Kanji:
- 悪 (aku) – meaning “evil” or “bad,” but can refer to moral wrongdoing rather than just misfortune.
- 不幸 (fukou) – meaning “unhappiness” or “misfortune,” which is more focused on emotional states.
Antonyms:
- 吉 (kichi) – meaning “good luck” or “auspicious,” representing positive outcomes.
- 幸 (sachi) – meaning “happiness,” which conveys a sense of joy and well-being.
5. Cultural and Historical Background
Connection to Japanese Culture: In Japanese culture, the concept of “凶” is often linked to superstition and omens. Certain days are considered “凶” days, where activities like weddings or travel are avoided.
Proverbs and Idioms:
- 凶事 (kyouji) – refers to unfortunate events, often used in the context of news or announcements.
- 凶と出るか吉と出るか (kyou to deru ka kichi to deru ka) – meaning “will it turn out bad or good?” This phrase reflects the uncertainty of outcomes.