1. Overview of Meaning
The kanji “近” (pronounced “kin” or “chika”) means “near” or “close.” It is used to describe physical proximity as well as figurative closeness in relationships or time.
2. Formation and Radical
Formation of the Kanji: The kanji “近” is a phonetic-ideographic character (形声文字). It combines the radical for “near” (近) with a phonetic component that suggests its pronunciation.
Radical: The radical for “近” is also “近,” which emphasizes the concept of closeness.
3. Examples of Usage
Common Words and Phrases:
- 近所 (きんじょ, kinjo) – neighborhood
- 近い (ちかい, chikai) – near
- 近づく (ちかづく, chikazuku) – to approach
Example Sentences in Daily Conversation:
- この店は私の家の近くにあります。 (このみせはわたしのいえのちかくにあります。) – This store is near my house.
- 彼とは近い友達です。 (かれとはちかいともだちです。) – He is a close friend of mine.
4. Synonyms and Antonyms
Similar Kanji:
- 接 (せつ, setsu) – to connect, which implies a closer relationship or contact.
- 隣 (となり, tonari) – next to, which also indicates proximity but in a more specific context.
Antonyms:
- 遠 (とおい, tooi) – far, which indicates a greater distance.
5. Cultural and Historical Background
Relation to Japanese Culture: The concept of “closeness” is significant in Japanese culture, reflecting the importance of relationships and community. The kanji “近” is often used in contexts that emphasize harmony and connection.
Proverbs and Idioms:
- 近くの親戚より遠くの友達 (ちかくのしんせきよりとおくのともだち) – “A friend far away is better than a relative nearby,” highlighting the value of friendship over mere familial ties.