1. Overview of Meaning
The kanji 拘 (kou) generally means “to detain,” “to restrict,” or “to bind.” It conveys a sense of being held back or limited in some way, whether physically or metaphorically.
2. Formation and Radical
Formation of the Kanji: The kanji 拘 is a compound character that combines elements to convey its meaning. It consists of the radical 手 (meaning “hand”) and the character 交 (meaning “to intersect” or “to mix”). This combination suggests the idea of a hand that is involved in binding or restricting.
Radical: The radical of 拘 is 手, which is often associated with actions performed by the hand, emphasizing the physical aspect of restriction or control.
3. Examples of Usage
Common Words and Phrases: Some frequently used words that include 拘 are:
- 拘束 (kousoku) – “restraint” or “restriction”
- 拘留 (kouryuu) – “detention”
Example Sentences in Daily Conversation:
- 彼は法律によって拘束された。
(Kare wa houritsu ni yotte kousoku sareta.)
“He was detained by the law.” - この規則は私たちを拘束する。
(Kono kisoku wa watashitachi o kousoku suru.)
“This rule restricts us.”
4. Synonyms and Antonyms
Similar Kanji: A kanji with a similar meaning is 束 (soku), which means “to bind” or “to bundle.” However, 束 often refers to a physical binding, while 拘 has a broader implication of restriction.
Antonyms: A kanji with an opposite meaning is 自由 (jiyuu), which means “freedom” or “liberty.” While 拘 implies being bound or restricted, 自由 represents the absence of such limitations.
5. Cultural and Historical Background
Relation to Japanese Culture: The concept of 拘 is significant in Japanese culture, particularly in legal and social contexts where restrictions and rules play a crucial role in maintaining order.
Proverbs and Idioms: One relevant idiom is 拘泥 (koudai), which means to be overly attached or fixated on something, indicating a mental or emotional form of restriction.