1. Overview of Meaning
The kanji “諾” (daku) means “to promise” or “to agree.” It conveys the idea of giving one’s word or assurance to someone, often in the context of commitments or agreements.
2. Formation and Radical
Formation of the Kanji: The kanji “諾” is a compound character, which means it is formed by combining different elements. It consists of the phonetic component “達” (datsu), which relates to reaching or achieving, and the semantic component “言” (gen), which means “word” or “speech.” This combination suggests the act of expressing a promise through words.
Radical: The radical of “諾” is “言” (gen), which is commonly associated with speech or language, highlighting the importance of communication in making promises.
3. Examples of Usage
Common Words and Phrases: Some frequently used words that include “諾” are “承諾” (shoudaku – acceptance or consent) and “約諾” (yakudaku – promise).
Example Sentences in Daily Conversation:
- 彼は私の提案を諾してくれました。 (He agreed to my proposal.)
- この契約は双方の承諾が必要です。 (This contract requires the consent of both parties.)
4. Synonyms and Antonyms
Similar Kanji: A similar kanji is “約” (yaku), which means “promise” or “appointment.” While both kanji relate to commitments, “約” emphasizes the agreement aspect, whereas “諾” focuses more on the act of agreeing or giving one’s word.
Antonyms: An antonym of “諾” is “拒” (kyo), which means “to refuse” or “to reject.” This represents the opposite action of making a promise or agreement.
5. Cultural and Historical Background
Relation to Japanese Culture: In Japanese culture, making a promise is considered a significant act that reflects one’s honor and integrity. The concept of “諾” is deeply embedded in social interactions and business practices.
Proverbs and Idioms: One relevant proverb is “言ったが花” (itta ga hana), which means “a promise is like a flower,” emphasizing the beauty and importance of keeping one’s word.