1. Overview of Meaning
The kanji “及” (pronounced “kyuu” or “o” in Japanese) generally means “to reach,” “to arrive,” or “to be involved.” It conveys the idea of extending or connecting with something.
2. Formation and Radical
Formation of the Kanji: The kanji “及” is classified as a phono-semantic compound (形声文字), which means it combines both a phonetic and a semantic component. The left part suggests the meaning related to water, while the right part indicates the sound.
Radical: The radical for “及” is “及” itself, which is often associated with the concept of reaching or extending.
3. Examples of Usage
Common Words and Phrases: Some frequently used words that include “及” are:
- 及第 (きゅうだい, kyūdai) – passing an examination
- 及ぶ (およぶ, oyobu) – to reach, to extend
Example Sentences in Daily Conversation:
- このプロジェクトは多くの人に及ぶ影響があります。
(This project has a significant impact on many people.) - 彼の努力は全ての人に及びました。
(His efforts reached everyone.)
4. Synonyms and Antonyms
Similar Kanji: A kanji with a similar meaning is “達” (たつ, tatsu), which also means “to reach” but often implies achieving a goal or destination.
Antonyms: A kanji with an opposite meaning is “離” (はなれる, hanareru), which means “to separate” or “to leave,” indicating a lack of connection or reach.
5. Cultural and Historical Background
Relation to Japanese Culture: The kanji “及” is often used in contexts that emphasize connection and involvement, reflecting the importance of relationships in Japanese culture.
Proverbs and Idioms: One common expression is “及ばずながら” (およばずながら, oyobazunagara), which means “to do one’s best” or “to contribute as much as one can,” highlighting the value of effort and participation.