1. Overview of Meaning
The kanji “十” (pronounced “juu” in Japanese) means “ten.” It is a fundamental numeral in the Japanese counting system and is used in various contexts, including mathematics, dates, and everyday counting.
2. Formation and Radical
Formation of the Kanji: The kanji “十” is a simple character that originated as a pictogram. It visually represents the number ten, resembling two intersecting lines that form a cross, symbolizing completeness or a whole.
Radical: The radical for “十” is also “十,” which is used in other kanji related to numbers and counting.
3. Examples of Usage
Common Words and Phrases:
- 十人 (juunin) – ten people
- 十月 (juugatsu) – October
- 十倍 (juubai) – ten times
Example Sentences in Daily Conversation:
- 今日は十日です。 (Kyou wa tooka desu.) – Today is the tenth day.
- 彼は十歳です。 (Kare wa jussai desu.) – He is ten years old.
4. Synonyms and Antonyms
Similar Kanji:
- 百 (hyaku) – hundred: Represents a larger quantity than ten.
- 千 (sen) – thousand: Represents an even larger quantity.
Antonyms:
- 一 (ichi) – one: Represents a smaller quantity than ten.
5. Cultural and Historical Background
Relation to Japanese Culture: The number ten holds significance in Japanese culture, often representing completeness and perfection. It is used in various traditional contexts, such as the “十干” (Jikkan), which refers to the ten heavenly stems used in the traditional calendar.
Proverbs and Idioms:
- 十人十色 (juunin toiro) – “Ten people, ten colors”: This proverb means that everyone has their own unique characteristics and preferences.