1. Overview of Meaning
The kanji “少” (shou) means “few” or “little.” It is used to indicate a small quantity or a lesser degree of something.
2. Formation and Radical
Formation of the Kanji: The kanji “少” is classified as a phono-semantic compound (形声文字). It combines a semantic component that suggests a small amount with a phonetic element that provides its pronunciation.
Radical: The radical for “少” is “小” (shou), which also means “small.” This radical emphasizes the meaning of smallness or a lesser quantity.
3. Examples of Usage
Common Words and Phrases:
- 少ない (sukunai) – few, little
- 少し (sukoshi) – a little, a bit
Example Sentences in Daily Conversation:
- この店は客が少ないです。 (Kono mise wa kyaku ga sukunai desu.) – This store has few customers.
- 少し待ってください。 (Sukoshi matte kudasai.) – Please wait a little.
4. Synonyms and Antonyms
Similar Kanji:
- 少ない (sukunai) – few, which emphasizes a small quantity.
- 微少 (bishou) – very small, which indicates an even lesser amount.
Antonyms:
- 多 (ta) – many, which indicates a large quantity.
- 豊富 (houfu) – abundant, which suggests a plentiful amount.
5. Cultural and Historical Background
Relation to Japanese Culture: The concept of “少” is often reflected in Japanese aesthetics, where simplicity and minimalism are valued. It is associated with the idea of “less is more.”
Proverbs and Idioms:
- 少しずつ (sukoshi zutsu) – little by little, which emphasizes gradual progress.
- 少数派 (shousuhai) – minority, referring to a smaller group within a larger population.