1. Overview of Meaning
The kanji “施” (pronounced “shi” or “se”) generally means “to carry out,” “to perform,” or “to apply.” It is often associated with the act of providing or giving, especially in a context of charity or assistance.
2. Formation and Radical
Formation of the Kanji: The kanji “施” is a phonetic-ideographic character (形声文字). It combines the meaning of the radical and the phonetic component. The left part, “衣” (clothing), suggests a connection to the act of giving or providing, while the right part, “寺” (temple), contributes to the pronunciation.
Radical: The radical of “施” is “衣” (clothing), which often relates to garments or covering, symbolizing the act of providing or bestowing something upon others.
3. Examples of Usage
Common Words and Phrases: Some frequently used words that include “施” are:
- 施行 (しこう, shikou) – implementation
- 施策 (しさく, shisaku) – policy measures
- 施主 (せしゅ, seshu) – donor or benefactor
Example Sentences in Daily Conversation:
- この法律は来月から施行されます。 (このほうりつはらいげつからしこうされます。) – This law will be implemented starting next month.
- 彼は多くの施策を提案しました。 (かれはおおくのしさくをていあんしました。) – He proposed many policy measures.
4. Synonyms and Antonyms
Similar Kanji: A kanji with a similar meaning is “与” (あたえる, ataeru), which means “to give” or “to provide.” However, “与” emphasizes the act of giving more directly, while “施” often implies a broader context of application or execution.
Opposite Kanji: An antonym for “施” is “受” (うける, ukeru), which means “to receive.” This highlights the contrast between giving and receiving.
5. Cultural and Historical Background
Relation to Japanese Culture: The concept of “施” is deeply rooted in Japanese culture, particularly in the context of charity and community support. It reflects the value placed on helping others and contributing to society.
Proverbs and Idioms: One relevant proverb is “施しは人の道” (おこないはひとのみち, okonai wa hito no michi), which translates to “To give is the way of humanity,” emphasizing the importance of generosity and support in human relationships.