1. Overview of Meaning
The kanji “刺” (pronounced “sashi” or “shi”) primarily means “thorn,” “sting,” or “pierce.” It conveys the idea of something sharp or pointed that can cause pain or injury.
2. Formation and Radical
Formation of the Kanji: The kanji “刺” is a phonetic compound (形声文字) that combines the meaning of “to pierce” with a phonetic component. The left part, “刀” (meaning “sword” or “knife”), suggests sharpness, while the right part, “矢” (meaning “arrow”), indicates something that can penetrate.
Radical: The radical for “刺” is “刀” (katakana: “to”), which relates to cutting or sharp objects.
3. Examples of Usage
Common Words and Phrases:
- 刺身 (sashimi) – sliced raw fish
- 刺客 (shikaku) – assassin
- 刺さる (sasar) – to pierce or to get stuck
Example Sentences in Daily Conversation:
- この魚は新鮮で、刺身にするのにぴったりです。 (This fish is fresh and perfect for sashimi.)
- 彼は刺客のように静かに近づいてきた。 (He approached quietly like an assassin.)
4. Synonyms and Antonyms
Similar Kanji:
- 尖 (sen) – meaning “sharp” or “pointed,” but often refers to the shape rather than the action of piercing.
- 突 (totsu) – meaning “to thrust” or “to poke,” which emphasizes the action of piercing.
Antonyms:
- 和 (wa) – meaning “harmony” or “peace,” which represents the opposite of something sharp or harmful.
5. Cultural and Historical Background
Relation to Japanese Culture: The kanji “刺” is often associated with traditional Japanese cuisine, particularly in dishes like sashimi, which highlights the importance of fresh ingredients and presentation in Japanese culture.
Proverbs and Idioms:
- 刺のある言葉 (sashi no aru kotoba) – “words with thorns,” meaning harsh or hurtful words.
- 刺身は新鮮さが命 (sashimi wa shinsensa ga inochi) – “sashimi’s life is its freshness,” emphasizing the importance of quality in food.